This issue was sorted out by my son who set the system up. I was reminded how much I have forgotten - or never understood in the first place. I’ll dig out my old copy of Tannenbaum (Networks) to learn some early stuff.

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What was the issue? Help the rest of us learn.?

i understand gather that the domain is hosted on his (cloud) server where the MX records are resolved. The DNS there went offline, thus couldn't connect the domain and Google. This is the first such failure in approx 20 years (!) The danger of a repeat has been mitigated by adding extra DNS servers, he says.