What you say about this is true, hFE does have significant
statistical spreads, but the datasheet limits are probably set at 3
sigma (any outside this being rejected, being only a 0.3% loss). 3
sigma covers 99.7% of the total distribution, whereas 1 sigma covers
68%. 95% of the distribution is contained within 2 sigma, so you are
very likely to get something not too far away from the typical (or
nominal), and the chance of a random device being near the limit is
vanishingly small.
BTW, you should also search for "testjig", as it's more often used
than "curve tracer".
--
Regards,
Tony
On 10/07/2023 15:34, John Woodgate
wrote:
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You put your device and its model
into a curve-tracer .ASC and set it up to produce (if it will)
the same curves as in the data sheet. Compare the results. You
can find curve-tracer .ASCs by going to Files on the web site
and Searching for 'curve tracer'. For a bipolar, I would start
with collector current as a function of collector voltage with
base current as parameter. But remember the large variation of
current gain between samples, even for graded devices like
BC847x.