I want to be sure that it means only subscribers of the main group can post to subgroups. Not the public. The main list is restricted.
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Sorry, it means the public. One mitigation is that such messages are always moderated.
I have a subgroup set that way in my PTA group, and the number of "outsider" postings have been so small that I'm not sure I can remember if it has ever happened. But of course your mileage may vary - my PTA group isn't very large or well-known.
BTW, you've asked this one before, #5... ;-)
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Is there a point by point explanation of these settings somewhere?
The help page is slowly growing, but not there yet. Nor has anyone tackled the task in GMF's wiki that I know of. ?
That's a hint, by the way, for anyone with the gumption to take it on.