Bonkers, "It is possible that the high current pulse when the bulb triggers is responsible for some of the chaotic behavior.? In order to remove the effects of the high current spike when the lamp fires, the following quench circuit was constructed:"
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no probs - and yeah, don't know why he's using a couple of transistors, a very high value resistor is all that is used for G-M tubes.?
The high voltage ensures avalanche multiplication, and the low tube capacitance ensures the detection is quickly quenched, minimising recovery time - and its limit on max detection rate.??
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Paschen's Law ({B} * {p} * {d}) / log({A} * {p} * {d}) - log(log(1+(1/1.2)))-{C} has nothing to do with resistance except that I believe you need to know the voltage to find the current.
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Going to this thread and downloading the downloaded file, I was hoping to see the model of the arrester. What I saw had nothing to do with LTspice, except of course the arrester symbol. I am very disappointed. I have not seen a model of the arrester or discharger and apparently there will not be one. This topic is appropriate for another forum. For example on the physics forum.
Bordodynov.
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Thanks Bonkers, I've been to techlib missed that circuit.
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Tor, thank you, I've seen it. Looks over complicated, but I'll keep it in mind.
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Yes, that's true. Right now I am assuming small cylindrical electrodes.
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Interesting topic, relates also to neon bulbs, gas arresters etc.?
I was going to mention that some (all?) neons have some radioactivity - as it bleaches out any variation in striking voltage due to cosmic rays, radiation and photoelectric effects.?
Just checked this on Wikipedia and it also shows a detailed graph of behaviour versus current, well worth a look - the arc you mention is one of a number of possible outcomes, according to gas pressure, voltage, current.
There's also evidence for the electrodes being radioactive (rather than the gas) - but in all cases, they don't seem to make a usable poor man's Geiger-Muller tube.?
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I found an interesting article on the subject:
Seems quite complicated.
br,
Tor
On 12/07/2023 17:45, Richard Andrews
via groups.io wrote:
toggle quoted message
Show quoted text
Trying to grasp the resistance in a spark gap I had to write what
I know.
If anyone can refute my ideas, let me know.
The voltage and current relationship when a spark gap's gap is
increased is as follows:
??? Voltage: The voltage required to initiate a spark across the
gap increases
??? as the gap widens. This is because the air in the gap has to
be ionized
??? before a spark can occur, and it takes more voltage to ionize
the air as
??? the gap widens.
??? Current: The current that flows through the spark gap after it
has initiated
??? is relatively constant, regardless of the gap width. This is
because the
??? resistance of the ionized air is very low, so a large current
can flow even
??? with a small voltage difference.
??? For example, spark gaps are used in spark-ignition engines to
ignite the
fuel-air mixture. The spark plug in a spark-ignition engine has a
gap of about
0.020 inches, and the voltage required to initiate a spark across
this gap is
about 20,000 volts. However, once the spark has initiated, the
current that
flows through the spark plug can be as high as 20 amperes.
??? The relationship between voltage and current in a spark gap is
not linear.
As the gap widens, the voltage required to initiate a spark
increases
exponentially. This means that a small increase in the gap width
can result in
a large increase in the voltage required to initiate a spark.
??? The voltage and current relationship in a spark gap is also
affected by the
type of gas that is present in the gap. Air is the most common gas
used in
spark gaps, but other gases such as argon and helium can also be
used.
The breakdown voltage of a gas is the voltage required to ionize
the gas,
and it is different for different gases. This means that the
voltage required
to initiate a spark in a spark gap will be different depending on
the type of
gas that is present in the gap.
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That's it I forgot the pressure even though it's in the equation.
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The shape and the type of the electrode also change the arcing characteristics.?
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Yes I am familiar with Paschen's Law just don't know it like the back of my hand.
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It is also related to gas pressure. There are graphs on the wikipedia page for Paschens Law that show breakdown voltage versus gas pressure, but I cannot recall if it included gap length.
There is a pressure and distance for each gas where the breakdown voltage is lowest. Go below that pressure and the number of molecules in the spark gap drop to a point where you need a higher electric field to make it arc over, go higher in pressure and there are more atoms able to resist the electric field.
Le 12/07/2023 ¨¤ 16:45, Richard Andrews via a ¨¦crit?:
>
> As the gap widens, the voltage required to initiate a spark increases
> exponentially.
Are you sure of this? I had a notion that ionization appeared at a given
field strength, which is more or less a direct relationship of voltage
divided by gap length.
Check this
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There is a very good wikipedia page on Paschens Law.
On Wed, 12 Jul 2023 at 15:52, John Woodgate < jmw@...> wrote:
OK so far, I think. Have you
done a web search for 'Paschen's Law'?
======================================================================================
Best wishes
John Woodgate OOO-Own Opinions Only
Rayleigh, Essex UK
I hear, and I forget.
I see, and I remember.
I do, and I understand.
Xunzi (340 - 245 BC)
On 2023-07-12 15:45, Richard Andrews
via wrote:
Trying to grasp the resistance in a spark gap I had to write what
I know.
If anyone can refute my ideas, let me know.
The voltage and current relationship when a spark gap's gap is
increased is as follows:
??? Voltage: The voltage required to initiate a spark across the
gap increases
??? as the gap widens. This is because the air in the gap has to
be ionized
??? before a spark can occur, and it takes more voltage to ionize
the air as
??? the gap widens.
??? Current: The current that flows through the spark gap after it
has initiated
??? is relatively constant, regardless of the gap width. This is
because the
??? resistance of the ionized air is very low, so a large current
can flow even
??? with a small voltage difference.
??? For example, spark gaps are used in spark-ignition engines to
ignite the
fuel-air mixture. The spark plug in a spark-ignition engine has a
gap of about
0.020 inches, and the voltage required to initiate a spark across
this gap is
about 20,000 volts. However, once the spark has initiated, the
current that
flows through the spark plug can be as high as 20 amperes.
??? The relationship between voltage and current in a spark gap is
not linear.
As the gap widens, the voltage required to initiate a spark
increases
exponentially. This means that a small increase in the gap width
can result in
a large increase in the voltage required to initiate a spark.
??? The voltage and current relationship in a spark gap is also
affected by the
type of gas that is present in the gap. Air is the most common gas
used in
spark gaps, but other gases such as argon and helium can also be
used.
The breakdown voltage of a gas is the voltage required to ionize
the gas,
and it is different for different gases. This means that the
voltage required
to initiate a spark in a spark gap will be different depending on
the type of
gas that is present in the gap.
|
Re: Loss simulation problem
Ne eml¨ªtse meg!
--
Regards,
Tony
On 12/07/2023 16:57, Csizmadia Mikl?s wrote:
toggle quoted message
Show quoted text
Magic!
It's working!
Many thanks (K?sz?n?m!)! (:
|
Re: Loss simulation problem
Magic!
It's working!
Many thanks (K?sz?n?m!)! (:
|
Le 12/07/2023 ¨¤ 16:45, Richard Andrews via groups.io a ¨¦crit?:
As the gap widens, the voltage required to initiate a spark increases
exponentially.
Are you sure of this? I had a notion that ionization appeared at a given field strength, which is more or less a direct relationship of voltage divided by gap length. Check this
|
OK so far, I think. Have you
done a web search for 'Paschen's Law'?
======================================================================================
Best wishes
John Woodgate OOO-Own Opinions Only
Rayleigh, Essex UK
I hear, and I forget.
I see, and I remember.
I do, and I understand.
Xunzi (340 - 245 BC)
On 2023-07-12 15:45, Richard Andrews
via groups.io wrote:
toggle quoted message
Show quoted text
Trying to grasp the resistance in a spark gap I had to write what
I know.
If anyone can refute my ideas, let me know.
The voltage and current relationship when a spark gap's gap is
increased is as follows:
??? Voltage: The voltage required to initiate a spark across the
gap increases
??? as the gap widens. This is because the air in the gap has to
be ionized
??? before a spark can occur, and it takes more voltage to ionize
the air as
??? the gap widens.
??? Current: The current that flows through the spark gap after it
has initiated
??? is relatively constant, regardless of the gap width. This is
because the
??? resistance of the ionized air is very low, so a large current
can flow even
??? with a small voltage difference.
??? For example, spark gaps are used in spark-ignition engines to
ignite the
fuel-air mixture. The spark plug in a spark-ignition engine has a
gap of about
0.020 inches, and the voltage required to initiate a spark across
this gap is
about 20,000 volts. However, once the spark has initiated, the
current that
flows through the spark plug can be as high as 20 amperes.
??? The relationship between voltage and current in a spark gap is
not linear.
As the gap widens, the voltage required to initiate a spark
increases
exponentially. This means that a small increase in the gap width
can result in
a large increase in the voltage required to initiate a spark.
??? The voltage and current relationship in a spark gap is also
affected by the
type of gas that is present in the gap. Air is the most common gas
used in
spark gaps, but other gases such as argon and helium can also be
used.
The breakdown voltage of a gas is the voltage required to ionize
the gas,
and it is different for different gases. This means that the
voltage required
to initiate a spark in a spark gap will be different depending on
the type of
gas that is present in the gap.
|
Trying to grasp the resistance in a spark gap I had to write what I know.
If anyone can refute my ideas, let me know.
The voltage and current relationship when a spark gap's gap is increased is as follows:
??? Voltage: The voltage required to initiate a spark across the gap increases
??? as the gap widens. This is because the air in the gap has to be ionized
??? before a spark can occur, and it takes more voltage to ionize the air as
??? the gap widens.
??? Current: The current that flows through the spark gap after it has initiated
??? is relatively constant, regardless of the gap width. This is because the
??? resistance of the ionized air is very low, so a large current can flow even
??? with a small voltage difference.
??? For example, spark gaps are used in spark-ignition engines to ignite the
fuel-air mixture. The spark plug in a spark-ignition engine has a gap of about
0.020 inches, and the voltage required to initiate a spark across this gap is
about 20,000 volts. However, once the spark has initiated, the current that
flows through the spark plug can be as high as 20 amperes.
??? The relationship between voltage and current in a spark gap is not linear.
As the gap widens, the voltage required to initiate a spark increases
exponentially. This means that a small increase in the gap width can result in
a large increase in the voltage required to initiate a spark.
??? The voltage and current relationship in a spark gap is also affected by the
type of gas that is present in the gap. Air is the most common gas used in
spark gaps, but other gases such as argon and helium can also be used.
The breakdown voltage of a gas is the voltage required to ionize the gas,
and it is different for different gases. This means that the voltage required
to initiate a spark in a spark gap will be different depending on the type of
gas that is present in the gap.
|
Bonkers
BB
Tony Casey
John Woodgate