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GEOMAGNETIC STORM WATCH (G2):?Moderate () geomagnetic storms are possible on?April 22-23?when a??(CIR) is expected to hit Earth's magnetic field. CIRs are transition zones between fast- and slow-moving streams of solar wind; they contain enhanced magnetic fields akin to those of CMEs. Sky watchers across Canada and northern-tier US states from New York to Washington should be alert for auroras.?Aurora alerts:?.

A LARGE HOLE IN THE SUN'S ATMOSPHERE:?A large hole in the sun's atmosphere is facing Earth and spewing a stream of fast-moving solar wind directly toward our planet. NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory photographed the opening, which stretches almost a million kilometers across the sun's southern hemisphere:

This is a "coronal hole"--a vast region in the sun's atmosphere where magnetic fields have opened up, allowing solar wind to escape. The hole looks dark because hot gas normally contained there is missing. It's on its way to Earth.

At the top of the page, we predicted a CIR (co-rotating interaction region) would hit Earth on on April 22nd. This giant hole is the driving force behind it. Fast solar wind flowing from the hole is compressing slower-moving solar wind in front of it, creating CME-like shock waves and magnetic fields that comprise the CIR.

G2-class geomagnetic storms are likely when the CIR reaches Earth.??to receive an instant text message when the storm begins.